Zero Knowledge Proofs

Proving something is true without showing any information.
Concept first mentioned in a 1985 paper.
Can prove it to a very high probability, but cannot give air-tight proofs.
Used in Nuclear weapons policy decisions.

Types

• Interactive
  • Proof has to be performed at each request seperately
• Non Interactive
  • Can be computationally intensive
  • Zcash is working on a lighter algorithm

Definition

A formal definition of zero-knowledge has to use some computational model, the most common being that of a Turing machine.

(Read Wikipedia definition using notations and Probabilistic Turing Machine)